As one of the most intractable infertility, azoospermia brings severe pain to patients and numerous troubles to doctors. If no sperm is found in the ejaculated semen for three consecutive times, it is called azoospermia. Azoospermia accounts for about 15% - 20% of male infertility patients. One is the dysfunction of the testis itself, which is called primary azoospermia or non obstructive azoospermia. Second, the testicular spermatogenesis function is normal, but the sperm cannot be discharged from the body due to the obstruction of the spermatic duct, which is called obstructive azoospermia.
These five factors can lead to azoospermia
1. Lesions of the testicles themselves: testicular trauma, inflammation, torsion, and testicular vascular lesions.
2. Harmful substances: radiation damage and drugs, especially cytotoxic drugs, cause damage to testicular spermatid cells, and can cause azoospermia in serious cases.
3. Hereditary disease: Autosomal or sex chromosome abnormalities affect testicular spermatogenesis.
4. Diseases: Endocrine diseases, pituitary hyperfunction or hypofunction, pituitary tumors, adrenal hyperfunction or hypofunction, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism can all affect sperm production and cause azoospermia. Severe systemic diseases and malnutrition can also cause azoospermia.
5. Congenital testicular abnormality: testicular dysplasia or testicular position abnormality can cause spermatogenesis disorder.